Vayikra: Chapter 26

Peace offerings

Synopsis

Rabbi Shimon tells us that truth and peace are connected together, and that peace offerings represent perfection and overall peace since they are attached to both the positive and negative precepts. He and the other rabbis talk in depth about the offering of thanksgiving.

Abraham Fear Isaac Jacob Love Peace

191. It is written, "Dominion and fear are with Him, He makes peace in His high places" (Iyov 25:2). This verse was explained by the friends. Furthermore, "dominion" is Abraham, of whom it is written, "Hear us, my master: you are a mighty prince among us" (Beresheet 23:6) and, "And I will bless you, and make your name great" (Beresheet 12:2). "Fear" is Isaac, as written, "And the Fear of Isaac, had been with me" (Beresheet 31:42); "He makes peace in His high places" is Jacob, as written, "You will show truth to Jacob" (Michah 7:20), and "love the truth and peace" (Zecharyah 8:19). For truth and peace, WHICH ARE THE SECRET OF TIFERET AND YESOD are connected to each other. Therefore Jacob is overall perfection.

191. כְּתִיב הַמְשֵׁל וָפַחַד עִמּוֹ עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם בִּמְרוֹמָיו, הַאי קְרָא אוּקְמוּהָ חַבְרַיָּיא. אֲבָל הַמְשֵׁל, דָּא אַבְרָהָם, דִּכְתִּיב בֵּיהּ נְשִׂיא אֱלֹהִים אַתָּה בְּתוֹכֵנוּ, וּכְתִיב וַאֲבָרֶכְךָ וַאֲגַדְּלָה שְׁמֶךָ. וָפַחַד, דָּא יִצְחָק. דִּכְתִּיב, וּפַחַד יִצְחָק הָיָה לִי. עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם בִּמְרוֹמָיו, דָּא יַעֲקֹב. דִּכְתִּיב, תִּתֵּן אֱמֶת לְיַעֲקֹב, וּכְתִיב וְהָאֱמֶת וְהַשָׁלוֹם אֱהָבוּ. דֶּאֱמֶת וְשָׁלוֹם קָשִׁיר דָּא בְּדָא. וְעַ"ד הוּא שְׁלֵימוּתָא דְּכֹלָּא.

Abraham Isaac Jacob Peace Peace-offering Precepts Zeir Anpin

192. Peace offerings (Heb shlamim) represent perfection (Heb. shlemut) and overall peace. He who brings peace offerings increases peace in the world, SINCE PEACE OFFERINGS ARE THE ASPECT OF THE CENTRAL COLUMN LIKE JACOB. Jacob makes peace as we said, being attached to this one and that one; NAMELY, THE RIGHT COLUMN AND LEFT COLUMN ARE JOINED IN HIM, THE SECRET OF ABRAHAM AND ISAAC. Peace offerings are attached to the positive precepts, THE SECRET OF THE RIGHT COLUMN, and the negative precepts, THE SECRET OF THE LEFT COLUMN, NAMELY to this side and that side LIKE JACOB, BEING ALSO THE CENTRAL COLUMN. They are therefore called peace offerings. The secret of the words: "And Jacob was a plain man" (Beresheet 25:27), WHICH MEANS a perfect man, AS EVERY PERFECTION ABIDES IN THE CENTRAL COLUMN, is that he is whole above IN ZEIR ANPIN and whole below IN MALCHUT.

192. וּשְׁלָמִים שְׁלֵימוּתָא הוּא, וּשְׁלָמָא דְּכֹלָּא. וּמַאן דְּאַקְרִיב שְׁלָמִים אַסְגֵּי שְׁלָמָא בְּעָלְמָא. יַעֲקֹב אִיהוּ עָבֵיד שָׁלוֹם, כְּמָה דְּאַמָרָן. בְּגִין דְּאָחִיד לְהַאי וּלְהַאי. וּשְׁלָמִים אֲחִידָן בְּמִצְוֹת עֲשֵׂה, וּבְמִצְוֹת לֹא תַּעֲשֶׂה, בְּהַאי סִטְרָא, וּבְהַאי סִטְרָא. וְעַל דָּא אִקְרֵי שְׁלָמִים. וְרָזָא דְּמִלָּה, דִּכְתִּיב, וְיַעֲקֹב אִישׁ תָּם: גְּבַר שְׁלִים. שְׁלִים לְעֵילָּא, וּשְׁלִים לְתַתָּא. דָּבָר אַחֵר הַמְשֵׁל דָּא מִיכָאֵל. וָפַחַד דָּא גַּבְרִיאֵל. דָּא יְסוֹדָא דִּילֵיהּ מִמַּיָּא וְדָא יְסוֹדָא דִּילֵיהּ מֵאֶשָּׁא וְקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא עָבֵיד שְׁלָמָא בֵּינַיְיהוּ דִּכְתִּיב עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם בִּמְרוֹמָיו.

Guilt Offering Oil Sacrifice Sin Suffering

193. Rabbi Acha said, It is written, "If he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes mingled with oil..." (Vayikra 7:12). HE ASKS, What does this teach us, WHY IS THERE NEED TO SACRIFICE UNLEAVENED CAKES WITH IT? HE ANSWERS, This is like the verse: "That he shall confess that he has sinned in that thing (lit. 'on her')" (Vayikra 5:5), where "on her" is precise, FOR THE SIN HE COMMITTED AGAINST AND THE BLEMISH TO MALCHUT. HERE TOO, THE THANKSGIVING OFFERING IS BROUGHT BECAUSE OF THE BLEMISH HE CAUSED IN MALCHUT. FOR THE THANKSGIVING OFFERING IS BROUGHT FOR DELIVERY FROM SUFFERING - THERE ARE FOUR THAT ARE REQUIRED TO GIVE THANKS - AND NO SUFFERING COMES WHERE THERE IS NO SIN. SO IT MUST FOLLOW THAT EACH THANKSGIVING OFFERING IS FOR SOME INIQUITY, BUT THIS INIQUITY INFRINGES ONLY ON MALCHUT, LIKE THE GUILT OFFERING WHERE IT ALSO SAYS "ON HER." Therefore, one should bring unleavened cakes. We explained WHAT ARE the unleavened cakes and wherefore they are brought, THAT THE UNLEAVENED CAKES ARE THE ASPECT OF MALCHUT AND THEY ARE BROUGHT BECAUSE MALCHUT WAS BLEMISHED. The words Matzot - chalot (unleavened cakes) have a defective spelling WITHOUT VAV, because a sin was committed against MALCHUT AND THEREFORE VAV, TIFERET, DOES NOT SHINE WITHIN HER.

193. רִבִּי אֲחָא אָמַר, כְּתִיב אִם עַל תּוֹדָה יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ וְהִקְרִיב עַל זֶבַח הַתּוֹדָה וְגוֹ.' מַאי קָא מַיְירֵי. כְּמָה דְּאַתְּ אָמֵר, וְהִתְוַדָּה אֲשֶׁר חָטָא עָלֶיהָ, עָלֶיהָ דַּיְיקָא. וְעַ"ד חַלֹּת מַצּוֹת וְגוֹ.' וְחַלֹּת מַצּוֹת, הָא אוּקְמוּהָ, וְעַל מַה אַתְיָא. מַצֹּת וְחַלֹֹּת כְּתִיב חָסֵר, בְּגִין דְּחָטָא עָלֶיהָ.

Peace Peace-offering

194. Rabbi Chiya taught that it is written, "These to be added to his peace offerings of thanksgiving" (Vayikra 7:13). This is overall perfection. "peace offerings" indicates the dual. We know WHAT thanksgiving IS. Rabbi Yehuda said to him: We know thanksgiving TO BE MALCHUT, but as for peace offerings, wherefore are there two, AS YOU SAID? He said to him: They are the two Vav's, TIFERET AND YESOD, namely his peace offerings, an indication of overall peace.

194. תָּאנֵי רִבִּי חִיָּיא, כְּתִיב עַל זֶבַח תּוֹדַת שְׁלָמָיו, דָּא שְׁלִימוּ דְּכֹלָּא. שְׁלָמָיו: תְּרֵי. תּוֹדָה, אִתְיְידַע. אָמַר לֵיהּ רִבִּי יְהוּדָה, תּוֹדָה יְדִיעַ, שְׁלָמָיו מַהוּ תְּרֵי. אָמַר לֵיהּ, תְּרֵין וָוִין, וָ"ו דְּהַיְינוּ שְׁלָמָיו, שְׁלָמָא דְּכֹלָּא.

Bread Congregation Mercy Offering Peace Peace-offering Sacrifice Sin

195. Rabbi Yitzchak said "his peace offering of thanksgiving" MEANS He decrees there to be peace in everything and awakens Mercy throughout the worlds. "His peace offering of thanksgiving:" Rabbi Yosi said that what Rabbi Chiya stated is well, for the Congregation of Yisrael, MALCHUT, is blessed by these two, TIFERET AND YESOD, which constitute overall peace. Rabbi Yosi said, It is known that leavened bread IS AN INDICATION OF THE HOLD OF THE EXTERNAL FORCES. We learned that in relation to the sin OF ALLOWING THE EXTERNAL FORCES A FOOTHOLD, so should one sacrifice in exactly the same manner. THEREFORE, LEAVENED BREAD IS BROUGHT.

195. אָמַר רִבִּי יִצְחָק, תּוֹדַת שְׁלָמָיו, דְּאָטִיל שְׁלָמָא בְּכֹלָּא, וְאִתְּעַר רַחֲמֵי בְּכֻלְּהוּ עָלְמִין. תּוֹדַת שְׁלָמָיו, רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אָמַר, הָא דְּאָמַר רִבִּי חִיָּיא שַׁפִּיר, דכ"י אִתְבָּרְכָא מֵאִינּוּן תְּרֵי, דְּאִינּוּן שְׁלָמָא דְּכֹלָּא. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אָמַר, לֶחֶם חָמֵץ הָא יְדִיעַ, וְהָא אִתְּמַר כְּמָה דַּהֲוָה חַטָּאָה, כַּךְ הֲוָה מְקָרֵב בְּהַהוּא גְּוָונָא מַמָּשׁ.

Aba and Ima Anointment Oil Precepts Sword Torah

196. Come and see: Chalot-Matzot (lit. 'unleavened cakes') has a defective spelling WITHOUT VAV, as we learned. "Mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil" (Ibid. 12). What does this allude to? Rabbi Shimon said, THEY SWEETEN the bright blade of the revolving sword, for all those OF THE ASPECT OF THE BRIGHT BLADE OF THE REVOLVING SWORD are in charge over the ways of men and over those who transgress the precepts of the Torah. Therefore, all is made of fine flour mingled with oil in order to draw the anointing oil from the highest place, SUPERNAL ABA, downward so that everyone shall be blessed by the oil of holy ointment, THE ABUNDANCE FROM ABA.

196. ת"ח, חַלֹּת מַצֹּת חָסֵר, כְּמָה דְּאִתְּמַר בְּלוּלוֹת בַּשֶּׁמֶן וּרְקִיקֵי מַצּוֹת מְשׁוּחִים בַּשָּׁמֶן. לְמַאי קָא רְמִיזָא. אָמַר ר' שִׁמְעוֹן, הָנֵי אִינּוּן לַהַט הַחֶרֶב הַמִּתְהַפֶּכֶת וְגוֹ.' בְּגִין דְּכֻלְּהוּ אִתְמָנָן עַל אָרְחַיְיהוּ דִּבְנֵי נָשָׁא, עַל אִינּוּן דְּעַבְרִין עַל פִּקּוּדֵי אוֹרַיְיתָא, וְעַל דָּא כֹּלָּא סֹלֶת בְּלוּלָה בַשֶּׁמֶן, לְאַמְשָׁכָא מְשַׁח רְבוּת מֵאֲתַר עִלָּאָה לְתַתָּא, וְיִתְבָּרְכוּן כֻּלְּהוּ כַּחֲדָא, מֵהַהוּא מְשַׁח רְבוּת קוּדְשָׁא.

Aba and Ima Altar Chassadim Grades Judgment Offering Oil Other Side Rivers Water Wine

197. This is the libation wine THAT ONE BRINGS, WHICH IS DRAWN FROM IMA. We have explained that it should contain the fourth part of a hin, WHICH IS A MEASUREMENT OF MALCHUT CALLED THE FOURTH PART OF A HIN. One place, MALCHUT CALLED ALTAR, is filled with wine and oil and water for a drink offering. We explained that water is THE SECRET OF CHASSADIM DRAWN FROM THE RIVER, BINAH, to water the garden, MALCHUT, and all its plantings, NAMELY HER GRADES. There is therefore HOLY water and PROUD water OF THE OTHER SIDE. In relation to wine too, there is a goodly place and a place which THE WINE comes to punish, being Judgment.

197. וְדָא הוּא יַיִן לַנֶּסֶךְ, וְהָא אוֹקִימְנָא רְבִיעִית הַהִין. וַאֲתַר חַד מָלֵּי יַיִן וְשֶׁמֶן וּמַיִם לְנִסּוּךְ, וְהָא אוֹקִימְנָא מִלֵּי, מַיִם לְאַשְׁקָאָה גִּנְתָּא, וְכָל אִינּוּן נְטִיעָן. וְעַל דָּא, אִית מַיִם וְאִית מַיִם. יַיִן, אִית אֲתַר דְּאִיהוּ טוֹב, וְאִית אֲתַר דְּאִיהוּ לְאַעְנְשָׁא דְּאִיהוּ דִּינָא.

Dreams Holiness (Kedushah) Judgment Kedushah (Holiness) Love Mercy Offering Other Side Torah Wine

198. Therefore, if someone sees wine in his dream, it is good for some, but punishment for others. If he be a scholar of the Torah, it is written, "And wine that makes glad the heart of man" (Tehilim 104:15) and "For your love is better than wine" (Shir Hashirim 1:2). It is the preserved wine that makes everyone glad. If he is not A SCHOLAR OF THE TORAH, IT IS SAID OF HIM: "Give strong drink to him that is ready to perish, and wine to those of heavy hearts" (Mishlei 31:6), for there is another kind of wine which is Judgment. It is therefore a good thing to bring these things as an offering in order to remove Judgment and awaken mercy, remove the wine OF THE OTHER SIDE, WHICH IS JUDGMENT, and bring the wine OF HOLINESS, WHICH IS MERCY. Similarly, in everything ONE SHOULD REMOVE JUDGMENT AND STIR MERCY.

198. עַל דָּא, מַאן דְּחָמֵי יַיִן בְּחֶלְמֵיהּ, אִית לְמַאן דְּאִיהוּ טַב, וְאִית לְמַאן דְּאִיהוּ דִּינָא. אִי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם הוּא, כְּתִיב וְיַיִן יְשַׂמַּח לֵבָב אֱנוֹשׁ. וּכְתִיב כִּי טוֹבִים דּוֹדֶךָ מִיָּיִן, וְדָא הוּא יַיִן דְּמִנְטְרֵי, דְּחַדֵּי לְכֹלָּא. וְאִי לָא, תְּנוּ שֵׁכָר לְאוֹבֵד וְיַיִן לְמָרֵי נָפֶשׁ. אִית יַיִן אָחֳרָא דְּאִיהוּ דִּינָא. וְעַל דָּא, יֵאוֹת לְקָרְבָא אִלֵּין מִלִּין בְּקָרְבָּנֵיהּ, בְּגִין דְּיִתְעַבָּר דִּינָא, וְיִתְּעַר רַחֲמֵי. אַעְבָּר יַיִן, וְאַיְיתֵי יַיִן, וְכֵן בְּכֹלָּא.

Jealousy Judgment Meal offering Mercy Offering Oil Peace Peace-offering Thigh Torah

199. And his offering shall never want oil, except the meal offering of jealousy, as written, "He shall pour no oil on it" (Bemidbar 5:15). It does not require mercy, being completely of Judgment, as written, "And her belly shall swell, and her thigh shall fall away" (Ibid. 27), and "Hashem make you..." (Ibid. 21). It says of it: "And this is the Torah of the peace offerings, which he shall offer to Hashem. If he offer it for a thanksgiving..." (Vayikra 7:11).

199. וְשֶׁמֶן לָא אַעְדֵּי מִקָרְבָּנֵיה לְעָלְמִין, בַּר מִמִּנְחַת קְנָאוֹת דִּכְתִּיב לֹא יִצּוֹק עָלָיו שֶׁמֶן וְגוֹ.' דְּהָא הָכָא לָא בַּעְיָא רַחֲמֵי, דְּהָא כֹּלָּא דִּינָא, דִּכְתִּיב וְצָבְתָה בִּטְנָהּ וְנָפְלָה יְרֵכָהּ. וּכְתִיב יִתֵּן יְיָ' וְגוֹ,' וְעַל דָּא וְזֹאת תּוֹרַת זֶבַח הַשְּׁלָמִים אִם עַל תּוֹדָה יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ.

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