16. Rabbi Yosi opened the discussion, saying: "Behold, all who were incensed against you shall be ashamed and confounded" (Yeshayah 41:11). The Holy One, blessed be He, shall do all this good that He said through the true prophets for Yisrael. Yisrael suffered much evil in exile, and were it not for all this good written in the Torah that they were waiting to see, they would not have been able to withstand and tolerate the exile.

17. But they go to the study hall, open books, and read all the hoped for good. And they see written in the Torah what the Holy One, blessed be He, promised them, and they are comforted in exile. But the other nations scorn and revile them, and say, "Where is your Elohim? Where is the good you say shall be yours, when all the other nations shall be shamed before you?"

18. This is the meaning of: "Hear the word of Hashem, you that tremble at His word. Your brethren that hated you, who cast you out for My Name's sake..." (Yeshayah 66:5). Who are they "that tremble at His word?" It is those who have suffered many evils, many EVIL tidings, one upon another and one after another, THEY HEARD AND trembled because of them, as it is written, "For thus says Hashem, we have heard a voice of trembling, of fear, and not of peace" (Yirmeyah 30:5). They tremble constantly over His word when Judgment is executed.

19. "Your brethren that hated you". They are your brethren, the children of Esau "who cast you out," as it is written: "'Away! Unclean!', they cried at them" (Eichah 4:15). There are no people that shame Yisrael to their faces and spit in their faces like the children of Edom. And they say ABOUT YISRAEL that they are all impure like the impurity of a menstruating woman. This is "...who cast you out for My Name's sake, have said: Let Hashem be glorified." FOR THEY SAY: We are the children of the living El and by us will His name be glorified. We rule over the world, because of him who is called 'big,' as it is written, "Esau the bigger (lit. 'elder') son" (Beresheet 27:15). With this name, 'big', is the Holy One, blessed be He, called, AS IT IS WRITTEN: "Great is Hashem and highly to be praised" (Tehilim 145:3). We are His big (lit. 'elder') son and He is great; most certainly, IT IS SAID OF US, "for My Name's sake...let Hashem be glorified."

20. AND THEY SAY TO THE CHILDREN OF YISRAEL: But you are the smallest of all, AS IT IS WRITTEN, "Jacob her small (lit. 'younger') son" (Beresheet 27:15). Where is your Elohim? Where is your goodness that all the nations shall be shamed before your joy? Who will grant it so that we see your joy, as you say? "They...shall be ashamed" (Yeshayah 41:11)? THEY SHOULD HAVE SAID, 'YOU WILL BE ASHAMED', BUT they spoke as if referring to someone else, saying, then YISRAEL "shall be ashamed and confounded." YET THEY SAID, "THEY...SHALL BE ASHAMED," AS CURSING ANOTHER. Therefore, the Holy Spirit said the phrase SO THAT IN TRUTH THEY WILL BE SHAMED. And of this IT IS WRITTEN: "Behold, all they that were incensed against you shall be ashamed and confounded." What is "all they that were incensed (Heb. necherim) against you?" Their nostrils (Heb. nechiraim) became hardened in their anger against you, in this exile, BECAUSE at that time, IN THE FUTURE, they "shall be ashamed and confounded" from all the goodness they shall see in Yisrael.