1. "And Balak the son of Tzipor saw" (Bemidbar 22:2). Rabbi Shimon said, He "saw." What did he see? HE RESPONDS: It is definitely a real vision. He perceived through the gaze of Chochmah and he saw with his eyes, MEANING THE EYES OF CHOCHMAH. He noticed through the perception of wisdom, as it says that "Abimelech, king of the Philistines looked out at a window" (Beresheet 26:8). What is the meaning of: "out at a window?" It is as it is written: "The mother of Sisera looked out at the window" (Shoftim 5:28). It is assuredly the window of Chochmah at the rim of the edges of the stars. THAT IS THE WINDOW THAT IS MENTIONED WITH REFERENCE TO SISERA'S MOTHER AND ABIMELECH, and these are the windows TO Chochmah, MEANING THAT THERE EXIST MANY WINDOWS and there is one window where all wisdom are. Whoever looks at the essence of wisdom can look through it. Here too: "And Balak...saw" through his wisdom, MEANING HIS OWN PRIVATE WINDOW.
1. וַיַּרְא בָּלָק בֶּן צִפּוֹר וְגוֹ.' ר' שִׁמְעוֹן אָמַר, וַיַּרְא, מַאי רְאִיָה חָמָא. רְאִיָה וַדַּאי מַמָּשׁ חָמָא בְּמַשְׁקוּפָא דְּחָכְמְתָא, וְחָמָא בְּעֵינוֹי. חָמָא בְּמַשְׁקוּפָא דְּחָכְמְתָא, כְּמָה דִּכְתִּיב וַיַּשְׁקֵף אֲבִימֶלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ פְּלִשְׁתִּים בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן. מַאי בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן. כד"א בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן נִשְׁקְפָה וַתְּיַבֵּב אֵם סִיסְרָא אֶלָּא וַדַּאי חַלוֹן דְּחָכְמְתָא דִּזְנָבֵי שׁוּלֵיהוֹן דְּכֹכָבַיָּא, וְאִינּוּן חַלוֹנֵי דְּחָכְמְתָא. וְחַד חַלוֹן אִית דְּכָל חָכְמְתָא בֵּיהּ שַׁרְיָא, וּבָהּ חָמֵי מַאן דְּחָמֵי בְּעִקָרָא דְּחָכְמְתָא. אוֹף הָכָא וַיַּרְא בָּלָק, בְּחָכְמְתָא דִּילֵיהּ.
3. One day, he performed his acts and took the bird. She flew away and left, tarried and did not return TO HIM. Balak was saddened and, before her return, saw a flame of fire that flew AFTER THE BIRD and scorched her wings. He then saw what he saw and was afraid of Yisrael. What is the name of that bird? It is known (Heb. yadua). None of those who make use of and know how to make use of that bird know its witchcraft as well as Balak knew it.
3. יוֹמָא חַד עֲבַד עוֹבָדוֹי, וְנָטִיל הַהוּא צִפּוֹר, וּפָרַח וְאָזִיל וְאִתְעַכָּב, וְלָא אָתָא. הֲוָה מִצְטַעֵר בְּנַפְשֵׁיהּ. עַד דְּאָתָא, חָמָא חַד שַׁלְהוֹבָא דְּאֶשָּׁא דְּטָס אֲבַתְרֵיהּ, וְאוֹקִיד גַּדְפּוֹי. כְּדֵין חָמָא מַה דְּחָמָא, וְדָחִיל מִקַּמַּיְיהוּ דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל. מַה שְׁמֵיהּ דְּהַהוּא צִפּוֹר. יָדוּ"עַ. וְכָל אִינּוּן דִּמְשַׁמְשֵׁי וְיַדְעֵי לְשַׁמְשָׁא בְּהַהוּא צִפּוֹר, לָא יַדְעִין חֲרָשׁוֹי, כְּמָה דַּהֲוָה יָדַע בָּלָק.
4. All of the wisdom that he acquired came from that bird. This is what he used to do: he bowed down before THE BIRD, burned incense, covered his head, bent over and spoke. He would say, 'The nation,' and the bird would reply to him, 'Yisrael.' He would say, 'Much,' and the bird would respond, 'Many (Heb. rav)' in commemoration of the great one (Heb. rav) that traveled among them. They whispered to each other seventy times, BALAK AND THE BIRD. He would say, 'Poor,' and the bird would say, 'Great (Heb. rav).' He then was afraid, as it is written: "And Moab was sore afraid of the people, because they were many (Heb. rav)" (Bemidbar 22:3), assuredly rav.
4. וְכָל חָכְמְתָא דַּהֲוָה יָדַע, בְּהַהוּא צִפּוֹר הֲוָה יָדַע. וְהָכִי הֲוָה עָבֵיד. גָּחִין קַמֵּיהּ, וְקָטִיר קְטַרְתָּא חָפֵי רֵישֵׁיהּ, וְגָחִין וְאָמַר. אִיהוּ אָמַר הָעָם, וְצִפָּרָא אָתִיב יִשְׂרָאֵל, אִיהוּ אָמַר מְאֹד, וְצִפָּרָא אָתִיב רַב. עַל שׁוּם רַב עִלָּאָה דְּאָזִיל בְּהוּ. שַׁבְעִין זִמְנִין צִפְצְפוּ דָּא וְדָא. אִיהוּ אָמַר דַּל, וְצִפָּרָא אָמַר רַב. כְּדֵין דָּחִיל, דִּכְתִּיב וַיָּגָר מוֹאָב מִפְּנֵי הָעָם מְאֹד כִּי רַב הוּא, רַב הוּא וַדַּאי.
6. They place that bird in that one window, OF THE ONES MENTIONED ABOVE, AND DURING THE DAY they open the window in the direction of the sun THAT RULES BY DAY. At night, they open the window in the direction of the moon, WHICH RULES BY NIGHT, and they burn incense and perform witchcraft. DURING THE DAY, they conjure the sun TO BESTOW ITS ABUNDANCE and at night they conjure the moon. And so they perform for seven days. From then on, that tongue is already rattling in the mouth of the bird, BUT IS STILL UNABLE TO SPEAK. THEN they puncture her tongue with a golden needle and she speaks great things on her own. Everything that Balak knew came from that bird. Therefore, HE WAS CALLED 'the son of bird' and he saw what other people were unable to know and could not see.
6. וְשַׁוְיָן לְהַהוּא צִפָּרָא בְּחַלוֹן חַד. וּפַתְחִין כַּוִּין לָקֳבֵל שִׁמְשָׁא. וּבְלֵילְיָא פַּתְחִין כַּוִּין לְסִיהֲרָא. מְקַטְּרִין קְטַרְתִּין, וְעַבְדִין חַרְשִׁין, וְאוֹמָאָן לְשִׁמְשָׁא. וּבְלֵילְיָא אוֹמָאָן לְסִיהֲרָא, וְדָא עַבְדִּין שִׁבְעָה יוֹמִין. מִכָּאן וּלְהָלְאָה, הַהוּא לִישָׁנָא מְכַשְׁכְּשָׁא בְּפוּמָא דְּהַהוּא צִפָּרָא, נַקְדִין לְהַהוּא לִישָׁנָא בְּמַחֲטָא דְּדַהֲבָא, וְהִיא מְמַלְּלָא רַבְרְבָן מִגַּרְמָהּ, וְכֹלָּא הֲוָה יָדַע בָּלָק בְּצִפּוֹר דָּא. עַ"ד בֶּן צִפּוֹר, וּבְגִין כַּךְ חָמָא, מַה דב"נ אַחֲרָא לָא יָכִיל לְמִנְדַּע, וְלָא יָכִיל לְמֵחֶמֵי.
28. Rabbi Yosi says, If so, Balak was a wise man, SINCE HE WAS AWARE THAT THE SATAN TRANSFORMS INTO THE FORM OF AN OX. He said to him most certainly HE WAS WISE. Similarly, he needed to know all the habits of that ox and if he had not been familiar with them, he would not have been able to perform his witchcraft and magic. Rabbi Yosi said, That is certainly so, and you spoke well. The might of that ox is, when they proclaim about the grain crops... (SOMETHING MISSING) ...all these days that are being proclaimed, and all the days that they proclaim about spirits of people. They are the days of Nissan and the days of Tishrei, as we have already learned.
28. א"ר יוֹסֵי, א"ה, חַכִּים הֲוָה בָּלָק. אָ"ל וַדַּאי, וְהָכִי אִצְטְרִיךְ לֵיהּ לְמִנְדַּע כָּל אָרְחוֹי דְּהַהוּא שׁוֹר, וְאִי לָא יַדְעֵי לְהוּ, לָא יָכִיל לְמֶעְבַּד חֲרָשׁוֹי וְקִסְמוֹי. א"ר יוֹסֵי וַדַּאי הָכִי הוּא, וְיָאוּת אַמָרְת. וְתוּקְפֵּיהּ דְּהַהוּא שׁוֹר, מִכִּי מַכְרִיזוּ עַל הַתְּבוּאָה. כָּל אִינּוּן יוֹמִין דְּמַכְרִיזִין וְכָל יוֹמִין דְּמַכְרִיזֵי עַל רוּחֵיהוֹן דִּבְנֵי נָשָׁא. וְאִינּוּן יוֹמֵי נִיסָן, וְיוֹמֵי תִּשְׁרֵי, וְהָא אִתְּמַר.
134. HE RESPONDS: Yet Rabbi Yosi said that from here, it is recognizable that Balak was already aware of the desires of that evildoer, and that he wished to be apportioned great projects; his only ambition is to do evil deeds. THEREFORE, HE WAS EXALTING HIM AS IF THE REINS ARE IN HIS HANDS, AND TO WHOM HE WISHES HE CAN SEND BLESSINGS OR CURSES AND IT WILL BE ACCOMPLISHED. ALSO, HE INFORMED HIM OF HIS OWN DESIRE TO CURSE YISRAEL, SINCE HE KNEW THAT HIS ENTIRE WISH WAS ONLY TO DO EVIL AND HARM.
134. אֶלָּא אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי, מֵהָכָא אִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע דְּהָא יָדַע בָּלָק רְעוּתֵיהּ דְּהַהוּא רָשָׁע, דְּבָעָא לְאִתְיַקְּרָא תָּדִיר בְּמִלִּין רַבְרְבִין, וְלֵית לֵיהּ תִּיאוּבְתָא, אֶלָּא כַּד עָבֵיד בִּישִׁין.
135. Balak performed sorcery and witchcraft and constructed a bird. He was aware that Moses' levels were lofty and precious; he crafted with his witchery, and performed magical sorcery, and was aware that Bilaam's levels were corresponding TO THE LEVELS OF MOSES. Immediately, "he sent messengers to Bilaam the son of Beor."
135. בָּלָק קָסָם קְסָמִין וְעָבֵיד חַרְשִׁין וְאַתְקִין צִפָּרָא. וְיָדַע דְּדַרְגִּין דְּמֹשֶׁה עִלָּאִין וְיַקִּירִין, וְחָרָשׁ בְּחַרְשׁוֹי וְקָסָם בְּקִסְמוֹי, וְיָדַע דְּדַרְגִּין דְּבִלְעָם הֲווֹ לָקֳּבְלַיְיהוּ, מִיַּד וַיִשְׁלַח מַלְאָכִים אֶל בִּלְעָם בֶּן בְּעוֹר.
154. Come and see: Because Yisrael said, "will we do," they were neither afraid of any deeds that the practitioners of witchcraft of the world were capable of doing nor of any sorcerers in the world. What is the reason? One is THAT THEY SAID, "WILL WE DO" and one is because the Holy One, blessed be He, broke all the witchcraft and sorcery before the children of Yisrael, when He took them out of Egypt, so that they should have no effect on them. When Balak came, he was aware of it. Immediately, "he sent messengers to Bilaam the son of Beor to Petor, which is by the river" (Bemidbar 22:5). What is Petor? It is that he prepared a table (Aram. Ptora) from which to ask for counsel as to what to do. "by the river:" HE ASKS: It should have said 'two rivers (Heb. naharaim),' SINCE HE WAS FROM ARAM NAHARAIM (ENG. 'TWO RIVERS'). HE REPLIES: He certainly dwells at all times on one river, MEANING TO SAY THE TABLE OF THE KLIPAH, WHICH IS MALCHUT OF KLIPAH, STANDS ABOVE ONE RIVER OF THAT KLIPAH, WHICH IS YESOD OF THE KLIPAH.
154. ות"ח, בְּגִין דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל אָמְרוּ נַעֲשֶׂה, לָא דַּחֲלִין מִן כָּל עֲשִׂיָּיה, דְּיֵכְלוּן כָּל חֲרָשֵׁי דְּעָלְמָא לְמֶעְבַּד, וְלָא מִכָּל קִסְמִין וְחַרְשִׁין דְּעָלְמָא. מ"ט. חַד, בּג"ד. וְחַד, בְּגִין דְּכַד אַפִּיק לוֹן קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא מִמִּצְרַיִם, תָּבַר קַמַּיְיהוּ כָּל זִינֵי חַרְשֵׁי וּקִסְמִין, דְּלָא יַכְלִין לְשַׁלְּטָאָה עָלַיְיהוּ, וְהַהִיא שַׁעֲתָא דְּאָתָא בָּלָק, הֲוָה יָדַע דָּא. מִיָּד וַיִשְׁלַח מַלְאָכִים אֶל בִּלְעָם בֶּן בְּעוֹר פְּתוֹרָה אֲשֶׁר עַל הַנָּהָר וְגוֹ.' מַאי פְּתוֹרָה. אֶלָּא דְּיַתְקִין פְּתוֹרָא, וְיִבְעֵי מִתַּמָּן עֵיטָא, מַה יַעְבִּיד. אֲשֶׁר עַל הַנָּהָר, עַל הַנְהָרִים מִבָּעֵי לֵיהּ, מַאי עַל הַנָּהָר. וַדַּאי הָכִי הוּא, דְּעַל חַד נַהֲרָא קַיְּימָא תָּדִיר.
169. "Who sees the vision of Shadai:" Whoever hears this thinks that he actually used to see what no other visionary saw. HOWEVER, "the vision of Shadai" is one branch of the branches that emerge from the name Shadai. Why IS IT SO? Because among this wisdom OF THEIRS there are seen three BRANCHES, corresponding to the Shin of Shadai that correspond to the three branches OF THE SHIN OF SHADAI, WHICH ARE CHESED, GVURAH AND TIFERET. There are seen CORRESPONDING to the two prophets TWO twigs of the willows, WHICH ARE NETZACH AND HOD that support TIFERET AND corresponding to the 72 branches of the evil eye, WHICH CORRESPONDS TO THE NAME OF 72 OF SANCTITY, THAT IS THE SECRET OF THE BENEVOLENT EYE, to block them, AND ALL THIS EXISTS IN CHOCHMAH OF THE KLIPOT. When Balak came, he said to himself, I will be successful against them, since Amalek attacked them with this wisdom and was successful against them.
169. אֲשֶׁר מַחֲזֵה שַׁדַּי יֶחֱזֶה, מַאן דְּשָׁמַע דָּא, חָשִׁיב דְּהֲוָה חָמֵי מַה דְּלָא חָמֵי אַחֲרָא בְּעָלְמָא. מַחֲזֵה שַׁדַּי, דָּא עַנְפָא חֲדָא, מֵאִינּוּן עַנְפִין דַּהֲווֹ נָפְקִין מִשַּׁדַּי. וְלָמָּה. דִּבְחָכְמְתָא דָּא, אַחְזֵי תְּלַת, לָקֳבֵל ש' דְּשַׁדַּי, לָקֳבֵל תְּלַת עַנְפִין דְּבֵיהּ, וְאַחְזֵי תְּרֵין נְבִיאִין, בַּדֵי עֲרָבוֹת, דְּתַמְכִין בֵּיהּ. לָקֳבֵל ע' תְּרֵין עַנְפִין דְּעֵינָא בִּישָׁא, לְסַתְמָא לוֹן. כַּד אָתָא בָּלָק, אָמַר אֲנָא אֵיכוּל לוֹן. עֲמָלֵק בַּהֲדֵי חָכְמְתָא דָּא אָתָא לְגַבַּיְיהוּ, וְיָכִיל לוֹן.
170. He sent to Bilaam and said to him, I have within my name the two letters of Amalek, which are Lamed Kof, the ending of the name Amalek. I have Lamed Kof, and Amalek's ending is Lamed Kof. I have the ending. And you have the beginning, Bet Lamed. Rabbi Shimon said to him, Here is how I say it. The beginning of THE NAME Balak is Bet Lamed and the beginning of the name of Bilaam is Bet Lamed; hence, the beginning of Balak was with Bilaam. The ending OF THE NAME of Amalek, MEANING LAMED KOF, was in Balak and the ending of Bilaam, WHICH IS AM is in the beginning of Amalek. SO WE FIND THAT THE SUFFIX OF BILAAM WHICH IS AM AND THE SUFFIX OF BALAK, THAT IS LAMED KOF, SPELL AMALEK.
170. וְשָׁדַר לְבִלְעָם, וְאָ"ל, אֲנָא תְּרֵי אַתְוָון דַּעֲמָלֵק אִית בִּי, דְּאִינּוּן ל"ק, דְּאִינּוּן סִיּוּמָא דַּעֲמָלֵק. אֲנָא לִי ל"ק, ועמלק ל"ק, לִי סִיּוּמָא, וּבָךְ שֵׁירוּתָא ב"ל. א"ל ר"ש, הָכִי אֵימָא שֵׁירוּתָא דְּבָלָק ב"ל, וְשִׁירוּתָא דְּבִלְעָם ב"ל, שֵׁירוּתָא דְּבָלָק הֲוָה בֵּיהּ בְּבִלְעָם. וְסִיּוּמָא דַּעֲמָלֵק, הֲוָה בֵּיהּ בְּבָלָק, וְסִיּוּמָא דְּבִלְעָם, הֲוָה שֵׁירוּתָא דַּעֲמָלֵק.
171. You might say that we cannot succeed against them because of the witchcraft of their master Moses, when he extends his hand, MEANING "MOSES STRETCHED OUT HIS HAND OVER THE SEA" (SHEMOT 14:27) AND OTHER INSTANCES. Here, this hand exists among these chiefs, who are more powerful with witchcraft. This is what is written: "Divination in their hand" (Bemidbar 22:7). It is not written, 'in their hands,' but rather: "in their hand," meaning hand against the hand OF MOSES, which is how Balak sent to Bilaam.
171. וְאִי תֵּימָא דְּלָא נֵיכוּל לְהוֹן, בְּגִין דְּחַרְשַׁיָּא דְּרַבֵּהוֹן מֹשֶׁה, דְּהֲוָה פָּשִׁיט יְדֵיהּ, הַאי יְדָא אִית בְּאִלֵּין רַבְרְבִין, דְּיַכְלֵי בְּחַרְשִׁין לְאִתְתַּקְּפָא יַתִיר. וְהַיְינוּ דִּכְתִיב וּקְסָמִים בְּיָדָם, בִּידֵיהֶם לָא כְּתִיב, אֶלָּא בְּיָדָם, יְדָא לָקֳבֵל יְדָא, הָכִי שָׁדַר לֵיהּ בָּלָק לְבִלְעָם.
212. "And Balak...saw" (Bemidbar 22:1): Rabbi Elazar said, Certainly what Rabbi Chiya said ABOUT THIS VERSE: "BALAK THE SON OF TZIPOR (LIT. 'BIRD')" is a concealed matter. However, it is written: "Even the sparrow has found a home, and the swallow a nest for herself" (Tehilim 84:4). HE ASKS: Did King David then say this about a mere PHYSICAL bird?
212. וַיַּרְא בָּלָק וְגוֹ.' רִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אָמַר, וַדַּאי מַה דְּאָמַר רִבִּי חִיָּיא, מִלָּה סְתִימָא הֲוָה. אֲבָל כְּתִיב, גַּם צִפּוֹר מָצְאָה בַיִת וּדְרוֹר קֵן לָהּ וְגוֹ.' וְכִי דָּוִד מַלְכָּא, עַל צִפָּרָא בְּעָלְמָא, הֲוָה אָמַר מִלָּה דָּא.
222. Come and see what is written: "And Balak the son of Tzipor saw." Why the difference that his father's name is mentioned rather than the rest of the other kings OF MIDIAN WHO DID NOT HAVE THEIR FATHER'S NAMES MENTIONED? HE RESPONDS: It is only because Jethro drew himself away and was removed from idol worship, and he together with his children approached Yisrael to join with them. The whole world excommunicated him and persecuted him.
222. ת"ח, מַה כְּתִיב, וַיַּרְא בָּלָק בֶּן צִפּוֹר. וְכִי מַאי שְׁנָא דְּאַדְכִּיר שְׁמָא דַּאֲבוֹי מִשְּׁאַר מַלְכִין. אֶלָּא יִתְרוֹ אִתְמְשַׁךְ וְאִתְעֲבָר מע"ז, וְאָתָא לְאִתְדַּבְּקָא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל, הוּא וּבְנוֹי, וְכָל עָלְמָא נִדּוּהוּ וְרַדְפוּ אֲבַּתְרֵיהּ.
223. Balak was from the descendants OF JETHRO and deviated from the ways of his father. When the elders of Moab and the elders of Midian, who were friends in their idol worship, saw that Jethro and his descendants adhered to the Shechinah, this one distanced himself from them. They came and crowned him king over them at that time, as it is written: "And Balak the son of Tzipor was king of Moab at that time." At that time, he was the king, something that he was not before then. Therefore, it is written: "the son of Tzipor" THAT ALLUDES TO JETHRO WHO WAS CALLED 'TZIPOR' TO INDICATE that it was not proper to do so, BECAUSE HE WAS FROM THE DESCENDANTS OF JETHRO CALLED 'TZIPOR.' HE INQUIRES: It says, "And Balak...saw," but it should have said 'heard.' What is the meaning here of: "saw?" HE RESPONDS: He saw a vision and he knew that he will fall into the hands of Yisrael. Yisrael will first fall into his hands and only afterward would he fall into Yisrael's hands. That is the reason it says: "And Balak the son of Tzipor saw."
223. בָּלָק מִבְּנֵי בְּנוֹי הֲוָה, וְאִתְעֲבָר מֵאָרְחָא דְּאָבוֹי, כֵּיוָן דְּחָמוּ סָבֵי מוֹאָב וְסָבֵי מִדְיָן, דַּהֲווֹ בַּהֲדֵי הַדָדֵי בְּאָחְוָה דִּלְהוֹן בע"ז, בְּחוּלָקָא דִּלְהוֹן, דְּיִתְרוֹ וּבְנוֹי אִתְדָּבָקוּ בִּשְׁכִינְתָּא, וְדָא אִתְמְשַׁךְ מִנְּהוֹן. אָתוּ וְאַמְלְכוּהוּ עָלַיְיהוּ בְּהַאי שַׁעֲתָא, דִּכְתִּיב וּבָלָק בֶּן צִפּוֹר מֶלֶךְ לְמוֹאָב בָּעֵת הַהִיא. בָּעֵת הַהִיא הֲוָה מֶלֶךְ, מַה דְּלָא הֲוָה מִקַּדְמַת דְּנָא. וְעַל דָּא כְּתִיב בֶּן צִפּוֹר, מַה דְּלָא אִתְחֲזֵי לְמֶעְבַּד הָכִי. וַיַּרְא בָּלָק, וַיִּשְׁמַע מִבָּעֵי לֵיהּ, מַהוּ וַיַּרְא. רְאִיָּיה חָמָא, וְיָדַע דְּזַמִּין הוּא לְמִנְפַּל בִּידָא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל, וְיִשְׂרָאֵל לְמִנְפַּל בִּידוֹי בְּקַדְמֵיתָא, וּלְבָתַר אִיהוּ בִּידָא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל, וַיַּרְא בָּלָק בֶּן צִפּוֹר.
244. Another explanation of: "Besides the shepherds' (Heb. roim) tents:" the Vav is missing IN THE WORD ROIM AND IT IS AS IF IT SAYS RAIM (LIT. 'EVIL ONES'). THIS INDICATES THAT they are evil, meaning the Amorite kings, from whom Yisrael have taken the land to give pasture to their herds. And Yisrael have turned that land to pasture land. Then Balak heard that the land that was so important, Yisrael made battle over it, and so demolished it as to make it into pasture. He then strove in whatever means was at his disposal and joined Bilaam with him.
244. ד"א עַל מִשְׁכְּנוֹת הָרוֹעִים, חָסֵר ו.' אִינּוּן בִּישִׁין, אִלֵּין מַלְכֵי הָאֱמוֹרִי, דְּנָטְלוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל אַרְעָא דִּלְהוֹן, לְרַעְיָא מִקְנֵיהוֹן, וּלְבֵי מַרְעֶה יָהַב יִשְׂרָאֵל אַרְעָא דָּא. כְּדֵין שָׁמַע בָּלָק, דְּאַרְעָא דַּהֲוַת חֲשִׁיבָא כ"כ, עָבְדוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל קְרָבָא דָּא, וְסַתְרוּ לָהּ, עַד דְּשָׁווּ לָהּ בֵּי מַרְעֶה. כְּדֵין אִשְׁתְּדַּל בְּכָל מַה דְּאִשְׁתְּדַּל, וְשָׁתַּף בַּהֲדֵיהּ לְבִלְעָם.
245. "And Balak...saw:" Rabbi Chizkiyah opened the discussion saying, "Thus says Hashem, 'Keep judgment, and do justice: for My salvation is near...'" (Yeshayah 56:1). How beloved are Yisrael before the Holy One, blessed be He. Although they have sinned and are sinning constantly, He accounts their premeditated sins as errors.
245. וַיַּרְא בָּלָק, רִבִּי חִזְקִיָּה פָּתַח, כֹּה אָמַר יְיָ' שִׁמְרוּ מִשְׁפָּט וַעֲשׂוּ צְדָקָה כִּי קְרוֹבָה יְשׁוּעָתִי וְגוֹ.' כַּמָה חֲבִיבִין יִשְׂרָאֵל קַמֵּי קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא, דְּאע"ג דְּאִינּוּן חָאבוּ קַמֵּיהּ, וְחָבִין קַמֵּיהּ בְּכָל זִמְנָא וְזִמְנָא, אִיהוּ עָבֵיד לוֹן לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, זְדוֹנוֹת כִּשְׁגָגוֹת.
255. In spite of all this, the wicked Balak did not abandon his design of sorcery, but rather he gathered up and picked all types of weeds and sorcery of snake heads, and took a cauldron of witchcraft. Balak stuck it 1,500 cubits underground and stored it for the end of days. When David came, he dug to the depth of 1,500 cubits, exposed the water from the depths and poured libations over the altar. At that moment, WHEN THE WATER LIBATIONS WERE POURED, he said, I will cleanse WITH THESE WATERS that cauldron OF SORCERY OF BALAK, as it is written: "Moab is My washpot" (Tehilim 60:10), assuredly My washpot.
255. וַאֲפִילּוּ הָכִי, הַהוּא רָשָׁע דְּבָלָק, לָא שָׁבַק חֲרָשׁוֹי, אֶלָּא לָקִיט כָּל זִינֵי עִשְׂבִין, חַרְשֵׁי דְּרֵישֵׁי דְּחִוְיָין, וְנָטִיל קְדֵרָה דְּחָרְשִׁין, וְנָעִיץ לָהּ תְּחוֹת אַרְעָא אֲלַף וַחֲמֵשׁ מְאָה אַמִּין, וְגָנִיז לָהּ לְסוֹף יוֹמִין. כֵּיוָן דְּאָתָא דָּוִד, כָּרָא בִּתְהוֹמָא, אֲלַף וַחֲמֵשׁ מְאָה אַמִּין, וְאַפִּיק מַיָּא מִן תְּהוֹמָא, וְנָסִיךְ עַל מַדְבְּחָא. בְּהַהוּא שַׁעֲתָּא, אָמַר, אֲנָא אַסְחֵי הַהִיא קְדֵרָה, מוֹאָב סִיר רַחְצִי. סִיר רַחְצִי וַדַּאי.
264. When Balak took counsel, he said, "That I may drive them out of the land" (Bemidbar 22:6). He figured that the level into which YISRAEL were connected was definitely of the land, WHICH IS MALCHUT REFERRED TO AS EARTH. That is the meaning of: "For they are too mighty for me." The level of whoever could wage battle and stand up to Yisrael is stronger than mine. Therefore: "that I may drive them out of the land," WHICH IS FROM THEIR LEVEL, MALCHUT. If I drive them from that land and drive them from her, MEANING I WILL MANAGE TO HAVE THEM COMMIT SINS, I will be capable of doing WITH THEM as I please. Their power is through what? Through word and deed. Here is your mouth and my deed, AND WE WILL OVERCOME HIM.
264. כַּד אִתְיָעַט בָּלָק, אָמַר וַאֲגָרֲשֶׁנּוּ מִן הָאָרֶץ. אָמַר הַהוּא דַּרְגָּא דְּקָא אִתְאַחֲדָן בֵּיהּ, מִן הָאָרֶץ וַדַּאי. וְדָא הוּא כִּי עָצוּם הוּא מִמֶּנִּי וַדַּאי, מַאן יֵיכוּל לְאַגָּחָא וּלְקַיְּימָא בְּהוּ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל דַּרְגָּא דִּלְהוֹן תַּקִּיף הוּא מִדִּילִי. ובג"כ, וַאֲגָרֲשֶׁנּוּ מִן הָאָרֶץ. וְאִי מֵהַאי אֶרֶץ אַגָרֲשֶׁנּוּ, וְאַתָּרֵךְ יָתֵיהּ מִינֵיהּ, אִיכוּל לְמֶעְבַּד כָּל רְעוּתִי, חֵילָא דִּלְהוֹן בְּמָאי אִיהוּ. בְּפוּמָא, וּבְעוֹבָדָא. הָא פּוּמָא דִּילָךְ, וְעוֹבָדָא דִּילִי.
276. King David said, "For, lo, the wicked bend the bow, they make ready their arrow..." (Tehilim 11:2). Although we already explained that this verse is about Shevna and Yoach, the chief ministers of Hezekiah, it is also said, referring to Samael and his retinue, that all his counsels and advice were against Yisrael. Balak and Bilaam tread exactly the same path, THAT OF SAMAEL AND HIS RETINUE and we learned that they formed an evil partnership. They said, Amalek IS SPELLED am lak, meaning a nation (Heb. am) that smote (Heb. lakah) them, like a snake that strikes with his tail. They figured that we are more THAN THEY ARE, because Balak IS SPELLED ba lak, meaning came (Heb. ba), he who smote (Heb. lakah) them as he wishes. Bilaam CONSISTS OF THE LETTERS bal am, meaning there are no (Heb. bal) people (Heb. am) and no shepherd. Our name will cause their destruction and uprooting from the world.
276. וְדָוִד מַלְכָּא אָמַר, כִּי הִנֵּה הָרְשָׁעִים יִדְרְכוּן קֶשֶׁת כּוֹנְנוּ וְגוֹ.' וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּהַאי קְרָא הָא אוֹקְמוּהָ, עַל שֶׁבְנָא וְיוֹאָח מְמָנָן דְּחִזְקִיָה אִתְּמַר, אֲבָל הַאי קְרָא עַל סָמָאֵ"ל וְסִיעָתֵיהּ אוֹף הָכִי אִתְּמַר, דְּכָל עוֹבָדוֹי וְעֵיטוֹי עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל נִינְהוּ. בָּלָק וּבִלְעָם הַהוּא אֹרַח מַמָּשׁ נַקְטוּ, וְהָא אִתְּמַר דַּחֲבוּרָא בִּישָׁא עַבְדוּ. אַמְרוּ, עֲמָלֵ"ק: עָ"ם לָ"ק, עַמָּא דְּלַקָא לוֹן, כְּחִוְיָא דְּמָחֵי בִּזְנָבָא דִּילֵיהּ, הָא אֲנָן יַתִּיר. בָּלָ"ק: בָּ"א לָ"ק. אָתָא מַאן דְּלָקֵי לוֹן כִּרְעוּתֵיהּ. בִּלְעָ"ם: בַּ"ל עָ"ם, לֵית עַמָּא, וְלֵית רַעְיָא. שְׁמָא דִּילָן גָּרִים לְשֵׁיצָאָה לוֹן וּלְאַעְקְרָא לְהוּ מֵעָלְמָא.
277. The Holy One, blessed be He, has figured their names in a different manner, since there is bal in Balak and in Bilaam. AND WHEN THEYARE JOINED, they form bilbel or confusion. What are the letters that are left WHEN YOU DEDUCT FROM THEM THE LETTERS BILBEL? THEY ARE Ayin Mem Kof; THAT IS, THE AYIN AND MEM FROM BILAAM AND KOF FROM BALAK. THIS COMBINATION WILL CAUSE their deep (Heb. omek) thinking and ideas to become confused, so that they should have no domination in the world and so that they should not remain in the world.
277. וְקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא חָשִׁיב בְּגַוְונָא אַחֲרָא שְׁמֵיהוֹן, בְּבָלָק בַּ"ל, בְּבִלְעָם בַּ"ל, הָא בִּלְבֵּ"ל. מַה אַתְוָון אִשְׁתָּאֲרוּ עֵמֶ"ק, בִּלְבֵּל עִמְקָא דְּמַחֲשָׁבָה דִּלְהוֹן, דְּלָא יִשְׁלְטוּן בְּעָלְמָא, וְלָא יִשְׁתַּאֲרוּן בְּעָלְמָא.
278. Rabbi Shimon said, Elazar, you spoke well. However, let the spirit of Balak burn in Gehenom and let the bones and spirit of Bilaam be ground there, because they made a bad decision to go against the shield OF YISRAEL, meaning that coh, WHICH IS THE SHECHINAH REFERRED TO AS COH, and because they thought about uprooting that coh and bringing evil through speech and action.
278. אר"ש, אֶלְעָזָר, יָאוּת אַמְרַת, אֲבָל בָּלָק, תִּפַּח רוּחֵיהּ בְּגֵיהִנָּם. וּבִלְעָם יִשְׁתַּחֲקוּן תַּמָּן גַרְמוֹי וְרוּחֵיהּ. וְהָכִי הוּא עֵיטָא בִּישָׁא נַטְלוּ עַל פַּטְרוֹנָא. עַל הַאי כֹּה, דְּחָשִׁיבוּ לְאַעְקְרָא לְהַאי כֹּה, וְחָשִׁיבוּ לְסִטְרָא בִּישָׁא לְסַלְּקָא לֵיהּ בְּפוּמָא וּבְעוֹבָדָא.
280. He did not know that the Holy One, blessed be He, "removes the speech of the trusty, and takes away the understanding of the aged" (Iyov 12:20). And everything is at His command. "He removes the speech of the trusty" refers to the Generation of Separation, whose language He confused and who could not have any control of their speech, as it is written: "That they may not understand one another's speech" (Beresheet 11:7). "And takes away the understanding of the aged" refers to Bilaam and Balak, who were of one counsel, as it is written: "And Balak and Bilaam offered (sing.) on every altar a bullock and a ram" (Bemidbar 23:2).
280. וְהוּא לָא יָדַע דְּקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא מֵסִיר שָׂפָה לְנֶאֱמָנִים וְטָעַם זְקֵנִים יִקַּח, וְכֹלָּא בִּרְשׁוּתֵיהּ קַיְּימָא. מֵסִיר שָׂפָה לְנֶאֱמָנִים, אֵלּוּ דּוֹר הַפְלָגָה, דְּבִלְבֵּל לִישָׁנֵהוֹן, דְּלָא יִשְׁלְטוּן בְּמִלָּה כְּלַל. דִּכְתִּיב, אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִשְׁמְעוּ אִישׁ שְׂפַת רֵעֵהוּ. וְטַעַם זְקֵנִים יִקָּח, אֵלּוּ בִּלְעָם וּבָלָק דְּתַרְוַויְיהוּ הֲווֹ בְּעֵיטָא חֲדָא, דִּכְתִּיב וַיַּעַל בָּלָק וּבִלְעָם פַּר וְאַיִל בַּמִּזְבֵּחַ.
281. Come and see that wicked man, Bilaam. All his activities were designed for evil, with haughtiness of heart. Both sacrificed the offerings, as it says, "And Balak and Bilaam offered." All the altars were prepared by Balak, but the wicked one, BILAAM, took praise and credit for himself, saying, "I have prepared the seven altars, and have offered upon every altar the bullock and the ram" (Ibid. 4). And he didn't include Balak with him. The Holy One, blessed be He, said, 'Wicked one, I know everything, however, return to Balak, and you won't have to speak; rather "and say thus (Heb. coh)" (Bemidbar 23:16), MEANING THE SHECHINAH THAT IS REFERRED TO AS COH WILL SPEAK INSTEAD. That is what is meant by: "And takes away the understanding of the aged."
281. ת"ח, הַהוּא רָשָׁע דְּבִלְעָם, כָּל עוֹבָדוֹי לְבִישׁ, בְּרוּם לִבָּא. תַּרְוַויְיהוּ הֲווֹ סַלְּקִין קָרְבְּנָא, דִּכְתִּיב וַיַּעַל בָּלָק וּבִלְעָם. וְכָל מַדְבְּחִין בָּלָק הֲוָה מְסַדֵּר, וְאִיהוּ רָשָׁע, הֲוָה מַשְׁבַּח גַּרְמֵיהּ וְאָמַר, אֶת שֶׁבַע הַמִּזְבְּחוֹת עָרַכְתִּי וָאַעַל פָּר וְאַיִל בַּמִּזְבֵּחַ. וְאִלּוּ לְבָלָק לָא שָׁתַּף בַּהֲדֵיהּ. אָמַר קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא, רָשָׁע, כֹּלָּא יְדַעְנָא, אֶלָּא שׁוּב אֶל בָּלָק, וְאַתְּ לָא צָרִיךְ לְמַלְּלָא אֶלָּא וְכֹה תְּדַבֵּר. הה"ד, וְטַעַם זְקֵנִים יִקָּח.
282. Another explanation of, "And takes away the understanding of the aged" is : "And the elders of Moab and the elders of Midian departed with the rewards of divination in their hand" (Bemidbar 22:7). He took away their reasoning powers so they could not control their witchcraft at all "and spoke to him the words of Balak" (Ibid.) loudly and openly, and not quietly BECAUSE HIS HEARING WAS IMPAIRED. He had a blemish in his ear, a blemish in his eye and a blemish in his leg. In these three areas, he had a blemish AND DISABILITY, because he was equipped for the Other Side. That was necessary for the Other Side, WHICH IS a place where there is a blemish. Each kind follows its own kind.
282. ד"א וְטַעַם זְקֵנִים יִקָּח, דִּכְתִּיב וַיֵּלְכוּ זִקְנֵי מוֹאָב וְזִקְנֵי מִדְיָן וּקְסָמִים בְּיָדָם. טַעֲמָא דְּאִינּוּן זְקֵנִים נָטַל מִנַּיְיהוּ, וְלָא יָכִילוּ לְמִשְׁלַט בְּחַרְשַׁיְיהוּ כְּלַל. וַיְדַבְּרוּ אֵלָיו דִּבְרֵי בָּלָק. מִלִּין בְּאִתְגַּלְיָא, וְלָא בִּלְחִישׁוּ. פָּגִים אוּדְנָא הֲוָה, וּפָגִים עֵינָא, וּפָגִים רַגְלָא. מִתְּלַת דּוּכְתִּין הֲוָה פָּגִים. מְתוּקָן הֲוָה לְסִטְרָא אַחֲרָא, וְהָכִי אִצְטְרִיךְ לְהַהוּא סִטְרָא אַחֲרָא, אֲתָר דְּשַׁרְיָא פָּגִים, זִינָא לְזִינֵיהּ.
287. "And said, 'What men are these with you'" (Bemidbar 22:9): That was his own level of the left side that needed to ask, BECAUSE IT DIDN'T KNOW. Although the friends remarked on this differently, they indicated that the Holy One, blessed be He, was testing him with His words, because there were three WHO ELOHIM PUT TO A TEST. One was Hezekiah, one was Ezekiel and one was Bilaam. Two of them did not stand up to the test properly and one did. Who was it? That was Ezekiel, as it is written THAT THE HOLY ONE, BLESSED BE HE, ASKED HIM, "Can these bones live?" (Yechezkel 37:3). And he answered, "And I answered, Hashem, Elohim You know" (Ibid.) Hezekiah said: "They are come from a far country, from Babylon" (II Melachim 20:14). Bilaam said, "Balak the son of Tzipor, king of Moab, has sent to me" (Bemidbar 22:10) TO SHOW THAT he is important in the eyes of rulers and kings. HOWEVER, the Holy One, blessed be He, simply asked him in order to mislead him and allow him to err, as it is written: "He makes nations great and destroys them" (Iyov 12:23). And this has been explained.
287. וַיֹּאמֶר מִי הָאֲנָשִׁים הָאֵלֶּה עִמָּךְ. דַּרְגָּא דִּילֵיהּ, מִסִּטְרָא אַחֲרָא דִּשְׂמָאלָא הֲוָה, דְּקָא אִצְטְרִיךְ לְמִשְׁאַל. ואע"ג דְּחַבְרַיָּיא אַתְּעֲרוּ בְּדָא, בְּגַוְונָא אַחֲרָא, וְאִינּוּן אַמְרֵי דְּקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא נִסְיוֹנָא עֲבַד לֵיהּ בְּמִלּוֹי. תְּלָתָא הֲווֹ, חַד חִזְקִיָּה. וְחַד יְחֶזְקֵאל. וְחַד בִּלְעָם. תְּרֵין לָא קַיְימוּ כַּדְקָא יֵאוֹת, וְחַד קָאֵים. וּמַנוּ. יְחֶזְקֵאל. דִּכְתִּיב, הֲתִחְיֶינָה הָעֲצָמוֹת הָאֵלֶּה, וְאִיהוּ תָּב וְאָמַר, וַיֹּאמֶר יְיָ' אֱלֹֹהִים אַתָּה יָדָעְתָּ. חִזְקִיָּהוּ אָמַר, מֵאֶרֶץ רְחוֹקָה בָּאוּ אֵלַי מִבָּבֶל. בִּלְעָם אָמַר בָּלָק בֶּן צִפּוֹר מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב שָׁלַח אֵלַי, חָשִׁיב אֲנָא בְּעֵינֵי מַלְכִין וְשַׁלִּיטִין. וְקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא שָׁאִיל לֵיהּ לְמִטְעֵי לֵיהּ, דִּכְתִּיב מַשְׂגִּיא לַגּוֹיִם וַיְּאַבְּדֵם וְאוֹקְמוּהָ.
292. "And Bilaam said to the Elohim, 'Balak the son of Tzipor, king of Moab...'" (Bemidbar 22:10). He mentioned the king of Moab TO SHOW THAT an important king sent for him. "King of Moab," indeed! Look at the arrogance of that wicked man, because it is written THAT HE SAID king of Moab instead of A KING over Moab, WHICH SHOULD HAVE indicated a person who is not worthy to be a king, but became a king over Moab FOR SOME REASON. Of the first KING, it is written: "Who had fought against the former king of Moab" (Bemidbar 21:26). IT DOES NOT REFER TO THE FIRST KING AS A KING OVER MOAB, AS IT IS WRITTEN: "AND BALAK THE SON OF TZIPOR WAS KING OVER MOAB" (BEMIDBAR 22:4), DUE TO THE FACT THAT THE EARLIER KING WAS a king, the son of a king, royalty descended from royalty. However, about this one, IT IS WRITTEN: "BALAK THE SON OF TZIPOR was king over Moab." The scripture testifies, "king over Moab" - THAT HE WAS NOT DISTINGUISHED, BUT BILAAM SAID TO ELOHIM, "BALAK THE SON OF TZIPOR, KING OF MOAB." Here, I remarked that he intended to give pride to his arrogant heart, SAYING LOOK HOW all the royalty of the world send me messengers.
292. וַיֹּאמֶר בִּלְעָם אֶל הָאֱלֹהִים בָּלָק בֶּן צִפּוֹר. וְהוּא אָמַר מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב, מַלְכָּא חֲשִׁיבָא שָׁלַח אֵלַי. מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב. חָמוּ גָּאוּתָא דְּהַהוּא רָשָׁע, דִּכְתִּיב מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב, וְלָא אָמַר לְמוֹאָב, מִכְלָל גַּבְרָא דְּלָא אִתְחֲזֵי לְמַלְכָּא, וְהָא אִתְעָבֵיד מַלְכָּא לְמוֹאָב. קַדְמָאָה מַה כְּתִיב בֵּיהּ. וְהוּא נִלְחַם בַּמֶּלֶךְ מוֹאָב הָרִאשׁוֹן, מַלְכָּא בַּר מַלְכָּא. חֲשִׁיבָא בַּר חֲשִׁיבָא. אֲבָל דָּא מֶלֶךְ לְמוֹאָב כְּתִיב. קְרָא אַסְהִיד מֶלֶךְ לְמוֹאָב. וְהָא אִתְּעַרְנָא, דְּאִתְכָּוַּון הוּא לְגָאוּתָא לִבָּא רַב. כָּל מַלְכִין דְּעָלְמָא, שַׁלְחִין לְגַבָּאי שְׁלוּחֵיהוֹן.
336. He opened the discussion with the verse: "O My people, remember now what Balak, king of Moab devised" (Michah 6:5). "My people;" how much is the Holy One, blessed be He, compassionate to His children, even though they sinned against Him. All His words to them are with love, like a father to his son. If a son sins against his father and he beats him yet as much as he beats him he doesn't repent his ways; if he scolds him with words but he does not accept from him, his father then says, I do not wish to continue to do to my son as I have done until now. If I beat him, his head will hurt and his pain will be upon me. If I scold him, his expression will be strange. What shall I do? I can only go and beg of him and speak to him softly, so he should not get saddened.
336. פָּתַח וְאָמַר עַמִּי זְכָר נָא מַה יָּעַץ בָּלָק מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב וְגוֹ.' עַמִּי, כַּמָה קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא אַבָּא רַחֲמָן עַל בְּנוֹי, אע"ג דְּחָאבוּ גַּבֵּיהּ, כָּל מִלּוֹי בִּרְחִימוּ לְגַבַּיְיהוּ, כְּאַבָּא לְגַבֵּי בְּרֵיהּ. חָטֵי בְּרֵיהּ לְגַבֵּי אֲבוֹי, אַלְקֵי לֵיהּ, כ"כ דְּאַלְקֵי לֵיהּ לָא תָּב מֵאָרְחֵיהּ, נָזִיף בֵּיהּ בְּמִלִּין וְלָא קַבִּיל. אָמַר אֲבוֹי, לָא בָּעֵינָא לְמֶעְבַּד לִבְרִי כְּמָה דְּעָבֵדְנָא עַד יוֹמָא. אִלּוּ אַלְקְיֵיהּ יְהֵא חָשִׁישׁ בְּרֵישֵׁיהּ, הָא כְּאִיבָּא דִּילֵיהּ גַּבָּאי, אֱהֵא נָזִיף בֵּיהּ, הָא דִּיּוּקְנֵיהּ מִשְׁתַּנְיָא, מַה אַעְבִּיד, אֶלָּא אֵיזִיל וְאֶתְחַנֵּן לְגַבֵּיהּ, וְאֵימָא לֵיהּ מִלִּין רְכִיכִין, בְּגִין דְּלָא יִתְעֲצֵב.
338. "O My people, remember now what Balak, king of Moab devised, and what Bilaam, the son of Beor answered him." "Remember now:" Remember, I pray you, "what...devised." Now we should observe what the advice of Balak was against the holy people. The Torah did not consider Balak as anything in comparison to Laban, as it says, "An Arammian wished to destroy my father" (Devarim 26:5). (THE REST IS MISSING)
338. עַמִּי זְכָר נָּא מַה יָּעַץ בָּלָק מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב וּמֶה עֲנֵה אוֹתוֹ בִּלְעָם בֶּן בְּעוֹר. זְכָר נָא, הֲוֵי דָּכִיר בְּמָטוּ מִינָךְ. מַה יָּעַץ הַשְׁתָּא אִית לְאִסְתַּכְּלָא, מַה הֲוָה עֵיטָא דְּבָלָק עַל עַמָּא קַדִּישָׁא וְאוֹרַיְיתָא לָא חֲשִׁיבַת לֵיהּ לְבָלָק כְּלוּם, כְּמָה דְּהֲוָה לְלָבָן, דִּכְתִּיב אֲרַמִּי אוֹבֵד אָבִי.
397. "And Balak the son of Tzipor saw..." Rabbi Yosi opened the discussion with the verse: "Do not eat the bread of him who has an evil eye" (Mishlei 23:6). That applies to Bilaam, WHO WAS EVIL-EYED, and he blessed Yisrael. "Nor desire his dainties" (Ibid.) applies to Balak, for whose burnt offerings that he offered before Him, the Holy One, blessed be He, had no desire.
397. וַיַּרְא בָּלָק בֶּן צִפּוֹר וְגוֹ.' רִבִּי יוֹסֵי פָּתַח, אַל תִּלְחַם אֶת לֶחֶם רַע עָיִן וְגוֹ.' דָּא בִּלְעָם, דְּבָרִיךְ לְהוּ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל. וְאַל תִּתְאָו לְמַטְעַמּוֹתָיו, דָּא בָּלָק, דְקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא לָא אִתְרְעֵי לְאִינּוּן עִלָּוָון דְּאַתְקִין קַמֵּיהּ.
398. Come and see, when Balak saw that Sihon and Og were killed and their country was taken, he saw ONE MORE THING. HE ASKS: What did he see THAT THE SCRIPTURE says, "saw?" It is only that he saw in his wisdom he and the five top chiefs of Midian and his people were falling into the hands of Yisrael. He saw, yet did not know CLEARLY. Therefore, he first approached Bilaam, whose power was in his mouth TO BLESS AND CURSE, like Yisrael, whose power is in their mouth.
398. ת"ח, בְּשַׁעֲתָא דְּחָמָא בָּלָק דְּהָא סִיחוֹן וְעוֹג אִתְקְטָלוּ, וְאִתְנְסִיבַת אַרְעֲהוֹן, חָמָא מַה חָמָא, דְּאִיהוּ אָמַר וַיַּרְא. אֶלָּא חָמָא בְּחָכְמְתָא דִּילֵיהּ, דְּאִיהוּ, וַחֲמִשָּׁה עִלָּאֵי דְּמִדְיָן, וְעִמֵּיהּ, נַפְלִין בִּידָא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל. חָמָא, וְלָא יָדַע, וְעַל דָּא אַקְדִים לְבִלְעָם, דְּחֵילֵיהּ בְּפוּמֵיהּ, כְּגַוְונָא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל דְּחֵילֵיהוֹן בְּפוּמֵיהוֹן.
399. Bilaam was even more loathsome than Balak. Whatever he knew, he knew only at night. These lower Sfirot and the asses OF THE KLIPOT prevail only at the first watch of the night. AND ON THE FIRST WATCH, A SHE-MULE BRAYS. Therefore, he had a she-mule of that side, so the donkeys could join with her in the beginning of the night.
399. וַאֲפִילּוּ בִּלְעָם תָּאִיב הֲוָה יַתִּיר מִבָּלָק. וְהַהִיא יְדִיעָא דְּאִיהוּ הֲוָה יָדַע, בְּלֵילְיָא הֲוָה יָדַע, בְּגִין דְּאִינּוּן כִּתְרִין תַּתָּאִין וַחֲמָרֵי, לָא שְׁכִיחוּ אֶלָּא בְּמִשְׁמָרָה רִאשׁוֹנָה דְּלֵילְיָא, וְעַ"ד הֲוָה לֵיהּ אֲתָנָא, דְּהַאי גִּיסָא, לְאִתְחַבְּרָא חֲמָרֵי בַּהֲדָהּ בְּרֵישָׁא דְּלֵילְיָא.
400. You may wonder why we find written: "And Elohim came to Bilaam at night" (Bemidbar 22:9). That is certainly how it is and we already explained that this is the minister that was appointed over them. And he approached him. Similarly, "Elohim came to Laban the Aramean..." (Beresheet 31:24) and it all was the same meaning. IT REFERS TO THEIR APPOINTED MINISTER, BECAUSE ELOHIM IS A COMMON NAMESAKE USED EVEN FOR PEOPLE. Therefore, he said to the princes of Balak, "Lodge here this night" (Bemidbar 22:8).
400. וְאִי תֵּימָא, הָא כְּתִיב וַיָּבֹא אֱלֹֹהִים אֶל בִּלְעָם לַיְלָה. הָכִי הוּא וַדַּאי, וְאוֹקִימְנָא הַהוּא מְמָנָא דִּמְמָנָא עָלַיְיהוּ, וְהוּא הֲוָה אָתֵי לָקֳבְלֵיהּ. כְּגַוְונָא דָּא וַיָּבֹא אֱלֹהִים אֶל לָבָן הָאֲרַמִי וְגוֹ.' וְכֹלָּא חַד מִלָּה. בְּגִין דָּא אִיהוּ אָמַר לְרַבְרְבֵי בָּלָק לִינוּ פֹה הַלַּיְלָה.
407. Instantly, "Bilaam rose up in the morning, and saddled his she-mule" (Bemidbar 22:21) to do his desire with her and the desire of Balak. Therefore, "Elohim's anger burned because he went" (Ibid. 22), "he" precisely, because he has removed himself from His authority, WITH THE HELP OF HIS SHE-MULE, AS MENTIONED EARLIER from what he was told: "but only that word WHICH I SHALL SAY TO YOU, SHALL YOU DO" (Ibid. 20). Come and see that this is how it was: because he was granted permission at first and was told to "stand up and go with them," now that he was going, why did "Elohim's anger burned?" It is because "he" in his own authority was going to exclude himself from the One who said to him, "But only that word..."
407. מִיַד וַיָּקָם בִּלְעָם בַּבֹּקֶר וַיַחֲבוֹש אֶת אֲתוֹנוֹ לְמֶעְבַּד רְעוּתֵיהּ בָּהּ, וּרְעוּתָא דְּבָלָק. וְעַל דָּא וַיִּחַר אַף אֱלֹֹהִים כִּי הוֹלֵךְ הוּא. הוּא דַּיְיקָא, דְּאַפִּיק גַּרְמֵיהּ מֵרְשׁוּתֵיהּ, מִמַּה דְּאָמַר לֵיהּ וְאַךְ אֶת הַדָּבָר וְגוֹ.' ת"ח דְּהָכִי הוּא, דְּהָא בְּקַדְמֵיתָא יָהַב לֵיהּ רְשׁוּתָא, וְאָמַר קוּם לֵךְ אִתָּם, הַשְׁתָּא דְּהֲוָה אָזִיל, אֲמַאי וַיִּחַר אַף אֱלֹֹהִים. אֶלָּא בְּגִין דְּהוֹלֵךְ הוּא, הוּא בִּרְשׁוּתֵיהּ דִּילֵיהּ, לְנָפְקָא מֵהַהוּא דְּאָמַר לֵיהּ וְאַךְ אֶת הַדָּבָר.
422. People that know the location OF AZA AND AZAEL visit them. They teach people witchcraft, enchantments and divinations. These dark mountains are referred to as the mountains of old. What is the reason? Because the darkness preceded the light. That is why the dark mountains are called "Mountains of old." Laban and Bilaam learned witchcraft from them and that is what Bilaam said, "Balak the king of Moab has brought me from Aram, out of the mountains of old" (Bemidbar 23:7).
422. וּבְנֵי עָלְמָא דְּיַדְעִין אַתְרַיְיהוּ, אַתְיָין לְגַבַּיְיהוּ, וְאוֹלְפִין לוֹן לִבְנֵי נָשָׁא חַרְשִׁין וּנְחָשִׁין וּקְסָמִין. וְאִינּוּן טוּרֵי חֲשׁוֹכָא, אִקְרוּן הַרֲרֵי קֶדֶם. מ"ט. בְּגִין דַּחֲשׁוֹכָא אַקְדִּים לִנְהוֹרָא. ובג"כ, טוּרֵי חֲשׁוֹכָא, הַרֲרֵי קֶדֶם אִקְרוּן. לָבָן וּבִלְעָם מִנַּיְיהוּ אוֹלְפֵי חַרְשִׁין. וְהַיְינוּ דְּאָמַר בִּלְעָם, מִן אֲרָם יַנְחֵנִי בָּלָק מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב מֵהַרְרֵי קֶדֶם וְגוֹ.'
425. During that time, there was nobody in the world who was with them, AZA AND AZAEL, except for him, BILAAM, who would daily shut himself with them in those mountains. That is why it says, "Balak the king of Moab has brought me from Aram, out of the mountains of old," surely from "the mountains of old," WHICH ARE THE MOUNTAINS OF THE DARKNESS, AS MENTIONED, and not from the land of the people of the east (also: 'of old').
425. וּבְהַהוּא זִמְנָא, לָא אִשְׁתְּאַר בְּעָלְמָא, דְּיִשְׁתְּכַח גַּבַּיְיהוּ, בַּר אִיהוּ. וּבְכָל יוֹמָא, הֲוָה אַסְתִּים בְּאִינּוּן טוּרֵי עִמְּהוֹן. הה"ד, יַנְחֵנִי בָּלָק מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב מֵהַרֲרֵי קֶדֶם. מֵהַרֲרֵי קֶדֶם וַדַּאי, וְלָא מֵאֶרֶץ בְּנֵי קֶדֶם.
446. "And Hashem opened the mouth of the she-mule..." (Ibid. 28): That is one of those things that were created on the eve of Shabbat at twilight. Rabbi Yitzchak said, What benefit is there from this, to Bilaam or to the she-mule or to Yisrael, in these speeches OF THE SHE-MULE? Rabbi Yosi said, The princes that were with him had a good laugh at him. When they reached Balak, they said to him, You will not find any substance in the speeches of this fool you sent us to call on; CONSEQUENTLY, with the utterances of his she-mule, he was disgraced. Rabbi Chiya said, If the she-mule was not spoken up with this, Bilaam would not have abandoned what was his. It is only through the utterances of his she-mule that he realized his power had been broken.
446. וְיִּפְתַּח יְיָ' אֶת פִּי הָאָתוֹן וְגוֹ.' הַיְינוּ חַד מֵאִינּוּן מִלִּין, דְּאִתְבְּרִיאוּ עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת. א"ר יִצְחָק, מַאי סַגֵּי הַאי לְבִלְעָם, אוֹ לָאָתוֹן, אוֹ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל. בְּהָנֵי מִלִּין. א"ר יוֹסֵי, דְּחַיְיכִין בֵּיהּ אִינּוּן רַבְרְבִין דַּהֲווֹ עִמֵּיהּ, וְכַד מָטוּ לְבָלָק, אָמְרוּ לֵיהּ, וְכִי לְהַאי שַׁטְיָא שַׁדְרַת לְיָקְרָא, לָא תִּשְׁכַּח בֵּיהּ מַמָּשׁוּת, וְלָא בְּמִלּוֹי. וּבְאִינּוּן מִלָּה דַּאֲתָנָא, אִתְבְּזָא מִן יְקָרֵיהּ. ר' חִיָּיא אָמַר אִלְמָלֵי לָא אַמְרַת אֲתָנָא הַאי, לָא שָׁבִיק בִּלְעָם הַהוּא דִּילֵיהּ, וּבְמִלֵּי דַּאֲתָנָא יָדַע דְּאִתְּבַּר חֵילֵיהּ.
452. "And it came to pass on the morrow, when Balak took Bilaam..." (Bemidbar 22:41). Rabbi Yitzchak said, Balak was wiser in magic than Bilaam, except that he was unable to figure out the most opportune time to curse, LIKE BILAAM. Therefore, "Balak took Bilaam." He was preparing him and holding to him in everyway.
452. וַיְהִי בַבֹּקֶר וַיִּקַּח בָּלָק אֶת בִּלְעָם וְגוֹ.' ר' יִצְחָק אָמַר, בָּלָק חַכִּים הֲוָה בְּחַרְשִׁין, יַתִיר מִבִּלְעָם, בַּר דְּלָא הֲוָה מְכַוְּון שַׁעֲתָא לְלַטְיָיא. מָשָׁל וְכוּ.' בג"כ וַיִּקַּח בָּלָק אֶת בִּלְעָם וְגוֹ.' הוּא הֲוָה אַתְקִין לֵיהּ וְאָחִיד לֵיהּ לְכֹלָּא.
453. "And brought him up into the high altars of Ba'al" (Ibid.). What is the meaning of: "And brought him up into the high altars of Ba'al?" HE RESPONDS: It is that he observed which aspect OF YISRAEL he should grasp on to with his witchcraft. And he discovered that Yisrael were going to build altars and serve the Ba'al, as it says, "And served the Ba'al" (II Melachim 17:16). "That thence he might see the utmost part of the people" (Bemidbar 22:41): he noticed the chiefs of the people and their king worshipping him, as it is written: "And they called on the name of the Ba'al" (I Melachim 18:26) and: "If Hashem be Elohim..." (Ibid. 21). As soon as Bilaam saw that Yisrael were going for it in the future, immediately "Bilaam said to Balak, 'Build me here seven altars'" (Bemidbar 23:1).
453. וַיַּעֲלֵהוּ בָּמוֹת בָּעַל. מַאי וַיַּעֲלֵהוּ בָּמוֹת בָּעַל. אֶלָּא אַשְׁגַח בְּחַרְשׁוֹי, בְּמַאי סִטְרָא יִתְאֲחִיד בְּהוּ, וְאַשְׁכַּח דִּזְמִינִין יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמֶעְבַּד בָּמוֹת, וּלְמִפְלַח לַבַּעַל. כְּמָה דִּכְתִּיב, וַיֵּלְכוּ אַחֲרֵי הַבַּעַל. וַיַּרְא מִשָּׁם קְצֵה הָעָם, חָמָא רַבְרְבֵי דְּעַמָּא, וּמַלְכָּא דִּלְהוֹן, דְּפָלְחִין לֵיהּ, כְּמָה דִּכְתִּיב וְיִקְרְאוּ בְשֵׁם הַבַּעַל, וּכְתִיב אִם יְיָ' הָאֱלֹֹהִים וְגוֹ.' כֵּיוָן דְּחָמָא בִּלְעָם, דִּזְמִינִין יִשְׂרָאֵל לְהַאי, מִיַּד וַיֹּאמֶר בִּלְעָם אֶל בָּלָק בְּנֵה לִי בָזֶה שִׁבְעָה מִזְבְּחֹת.
460. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, 'Wicked one, do you really think that it depends on you if the blessings will be fulfilled in My children or not? They do not need you. They say to a bee: NOT FROM YOUR STING AND NOT FROM YOUR HONEY, but rather "go back to Balak" (Bemidbar 23:16). When you open your mouth, it will not be in your control and it will not depend on your mouth, but only "say thus (Heb. coh)." For coh, WHICH IS THE SHECHINAH, is prepared to bless them and coh will express the blessing of My children. When you open your mouth, She will speak the words that will come true in My children, and I will not leave these matters in your hand.'
460. אָ"ל קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא, רָשָׁע, אַתְּ חָשִׁיב דְּעַל יְדָךְ יְהֵא וְיִתְקַיֵּים בְּרָכָה בְּבָנַי, אוֹ אִפְּכָא. לָא צְרִיכִין אִינּוּן לָךְ, כְּמָה דְּאַמְרִין לַצִּרְעָה וְכוּ.' אֶלָּא אַתְּ שׁוּב אֶל בָּלָק, וְכַד תִּפְתַּח פּוּמָךְ, לָא יְהֵא בִּרְשׁוּתָךְ. וְלָא בְּפוּמָךְ תַּלְיָיא מִלּוּלָא, אֶלָּא וְכֹה תְּדַבֵּר. הֲרֵי כֹּ"ה, דִּזְמִינָא לְבָרְכָא לוֹן. כֹּה, תְּמַלֵּל בְּרָכָה דִּבְנַי, דְּכַד תִּפְתַּח פּוּמָךְ, הִיא תְּמַלֵּל מִלִּין, לְאִתְקַיְּימָא עַל בְּנַי, דְּלָא אֶשְׁבּוֹק מִלִּין לָךְ.
461. Come and see that this is how it was. As soon as BILAAM came to Balak and Balak heard all these things, WITH WHICH HE BLESSED YISRAEL, Balak first thought that they emerged from Bilaam's mouth. He said, "I called you to curse my enemies..." and Bilaam replied, Take this witchcraft into your hand to restrain here this coh, WHICH IS MALCHUT. If you will be capable of holding her back with this sorcery, I will expunge all these words that She said from her, MEANING HE WILL NULLIFY THE BLESSINGS THAT SHE SAID, AS MENTIONED ABOVE.
461. ת"ח, דְּכַךְ הוּא, כֵּיוָן דְּאָתָא לְבָלָק, וּבָלָק שָׁמַע כָּל אִינּוּן מִלִּין, הֲוָה חָשִׁיב דְּהָא מִפּוּמֵיהּ דְּבִלְעָם נָפְקִין, אָמַר, לָקוֹב אוֹיְבַי לְקַחְתִּיךָ. אָמַר בִּלְעָם. סַב אִלֵּין חַרְשִׁין בִּידָךְ, בְּגִין לְאַעְכָּבָא הָכָא לְהַאי כֹּה, וְאִי אַתְּ תֵּיכוּל לְאַעְכְּבָא לָהּ בְּהַאי חַרְשִׁין, אֲנָא אַעְקָר לָהּ מֵאִינּוּן מִלִּין דְּהִיא אָמְרָה.
462. It is written: "Stand thus (Heb. coh) by your burnt offering" (Bemidbar 23:15). Through this and through these magical practices, you will restrain Her Coh, WHICH IS MALCHUT, "while I go to the meeting yonder (lit. 'meet coh')," meaning to say I will uproot Her from these words THAT WERE SAID BY HER. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, 'Wicked one, I will uproot you.' It is said afterwards: "And Elohim met Bilaam" (Bemidbar 23:16). That matter will raise its voice with the speeches of coh and that is what is written: "And said, 'Go back to Balak, and say thus (Heb. coh)'." "And say thus (coh)" is exact.
462. מַה כְּתִיב, הִתְיַצֵּב כֹּה עַל עוֹלָתֶךָ, בְּהַאי, וּבְאִלֵּין חַרְשִׁין, תְּעַכֵּב לָהּ, וְאָנֹכִי אִקָּרֶה כֹּ"ה, כְּלוֹמַר, אַעְקָר לָהּ מֵאִלֵּין מִלִּין. אָ"ל קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא, רָשָׁע, אֲנָא אַעְקָר לָךְ. מַה כְּתִיב בַּתְרֵיהּ. וַיִּקָּר אֱלֹֹהִים אֶל בִּלְעָם. וְהַהוּא דָּבָר אָרִים קָלָא, בְּמִלוּלֵי דְּכֹ"ה. וַיֹּאמֶר שׁוּב אֶל בָּלָק וְכֹה תְּדַבֵּר, כֹּ"ה תְּדַבֵּר וַדַּאי.
482. "And when Bilaam saw that it pleased Hashem to bless Yisrael, he went not, as at other times, to seek for enchantments..." (Bemidbar 24:1). HE INQUIRES: What is the meaning of: "to seek for enchantments?" Rabbi Yosi said, The first two times, he approached with all the implements of his witchcraft and desired to curse Yisrael. Then he realized the wish of the Holy One, blessed be He, who said, '"Go back to Balak," because My children have no need of your utterances. Another speech is forthcoming from this Coh, as it says, "And say thus (Heb. coh)." That means Coh will be speaking and not you. "And say thus (coh)," (or: 'coh will speak'), because she governs all the rulers of witchcraft and sorcery and the variety of evils, so they are not able to harm My children.' He then wished to gaze at them with the evil eye.
482. וַיַּרְא בִּלְעָם כִּי טוֹב בְּעֵינֵי יְיָ' וְגוֹ,' וְלֹא הָלַךְ כְּפַעַם בְּפַעַם לִקְרַאת נְחָשִׁים וְגוֹ.' מַאי לִקְרַאת נְחָשִׁים. א"ר יוֹסֵי, דְּהָנֵי תְּרֵין זִמְנִין קַדְמָאֵי, הֲוָה אָזִיל בְּכָל חֲרָשׁוֹי, וּבָעָא לְמֵילָט לְיִשְׂרָאֵל. כֵּיוָן דְּחָמָא רְעוּתֵיהּ דְקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא, דְּאָמַר שׁוּב אֶל בָּלָק, דְּהָא מִלּוּלָךְ לָא בַּעְיָין בָּנַי. מִלּוּלָא אוֹחֲרָא זַמִּין מֵהַאי כֹּה, כְּמָה דִּכְתִּיב וְכֹה תְּדַבֵּר. כֹּה תְּדַבֵּר, וְלָא אַנְּתְּ. כֹּה תְּדַבֵּר, דְּשַׁלְטָא עַל כָּל שַׁלִיטִין חַרְשִׁין וְקִסְמִין וְּזִינִין בִּישִׁין, דְּלָא יַכְלִין לְאַבְאָשָׁא לִבְנַי. כְּדֵין בָּעָא לְאִסְתַּכְּלָא בְּהוּ, בְּעֵינָא בִּישָׁא.
499. Come and see: When Bilaam realized that he was incapable of harming Yisrael, he returned to Balak and gave him advice in order to harm Yisrael, something he did not ask him to do. And his advice was regarding the Midianite women, who were beautiful. If not for the fact that Moses TOLD THIS TO US, we would not have known of it, because it is written: "Behold, these caused the children of Yisrael, through that counsel of Bilaam" (Bemidbar 31:16).
499. ת"ח, הַשְׁתָּא כֵּיוָן דְּחָמָא בִּלְעָם דְּלָא יָכִיל לְאַבְאָשָׁא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, אַהְדָּר גַּרְמֵיהּ, וְאַמְלִיךְ לֵיהּ לְבָלָק, מַה דְּלָא בָּעָא מִנֵיהּ, בְּגִין לְאַבְאָשָׁא לוֹן. וְעֵיטָא דִּילֵיהּ הֲוָה בְּאִינּוּן נוּקְבֵי דְּמִדְיָן דְּאִינּוּן שָׁפִּירָן, וְאִלְמָלֵא דְּאָ"ל מֹשֶׁה, לָא הֲוֵינָא יָדַע, דִּכְתִּיב הֵן הֵנָּה הָיוּ לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בִּדְבַר בִּלְעָם.